Nigeria Fast and furious

Numbers of states in Nigeria - 36 states, with six geo political zones they are :
North East
North West
North Central
South East
South West
South South.

Numbers of Local Governments in Nigeria - 905 Local Governments.
Numbers of towns in Nigeria - about 625 towns.
Numbers of ethic groups in Nigeria - more than 280, Hausa, Fulani, Kamiri, kanemsu, Nupe are found OK the north.

Igbo - South East
Yoruba - South West
Ijo, Heshekiri, Urohbo - South South
Tiv, Idoma, I gala - Middle Belt.
About 250 languages. (But with many controversies)
About 350 dialects.

Igbos:-

• Igbos dominate South east. 
• Igbos are highly republican in nature. 
• Igbos do not have a centralized government. 
• Decisions are made through the village assembly made up of all male individuals of any community. 
• They trade in Agricultural products. 
• They engage in trade by barter system. 

Yorubas :-

• Yorubas are semi centralized. 
• Every kingdom is ruled by an oba who is monitored by a council of chiefs known as Oyomesi led by the Bashorum. 
• The oba has to operate as a ceremonial head. His decisions are checked and balanced by the oyomesi. 
• They specialize in dyeing, slave trade, cultivation and their trade is the barter system. 

Hausa/Fulani:-

• They are highly centralized. 
• They operate a feudal system. 
• The sultan who goes by the name Amir al-muminin (commander of the fagithfiel) is the leader of the caliphate. 
• The caliphate is divided into Emirates led by an Emir. 
• The duty of the Emirs are you resolve conflicts within their Emirates and collect taxes. 
• Their government is theocratic based on the Islamic code which is the sharia law. 
• They specialize in tanning, dyeing, slaved trade, carving etc. 

Urohbo/Isoko:
They operate a semi -centralized government and are mainly fisherman.
They engage in boat making, cloth weaving, palm production etc.
The period before colonization of Nigeria by the British is called pretty - colonial era and it dares back to the early stages of development of mankind to around 1906.


Reasons for the coming of the White man
For economic purposes (economic Imperialism).
For civilization.
For political domination (political colonization).
The white man first came to Nigeria in the early 18th century for trade.
There was a scramble for territories in Africa by some European countries. After the Berlin conference of 1884-1885 the policy effective colonization was introduced. Britain annexed Lagos as a crown colony in 1906. Thereafter proceeded in annexing one Nigerian territory or the other.
In 1914 the northern and southern protectorates including Lagos wore amalgamated. The name Nigeria was given to the entity by Flora Shaw the wife of Lord Lugard in 1914. After the amalgamation the British introduced the indirect rule system in the same year. In 1922 there were riots in the against the mode of taxation brought about by the indirect rule system.


Some of the notable colonial leaders are:
Lord Fredrick Lugard - 1914 - 1919
Sir Hugh Clifford - 1919 - 1925
Sir Graeme Thompson - 1925 - 1931
Sir Donald Cameron - 1931 - 1935
Sir Bernard Bourdillion - 1935 - 1943
Sir Arthur Richard - 1943 - 1948
Sir John Macpherson - 1948 - 1954
Sir James Lytleton - 1954 - 1960.


Some development during the colonial era:-

Political developments :-
The creation of the Nigerian council by Lugsrd 1913, the amalgamation and introduction of indirect rule 1914.
The Aba woman's riot 1922,
The formation of political parties (E.g. NNDP 1928).


Constitutional developments :-
Richard's constitution 1944
Macpherson's constitution 1951
Constitutional conference of - 1953
Lytleton's constitution - 1954
Constitutional conference of 1957
Constitutional conference - 1858
Independence - 1St Oct, 1960.


Economic developments:-

• Communications, building of harbours in Lagos and port Harcourt constitution of railways and roads. 
• Growth of cash crops production
• Influx of European goods. 
• Mobility of population and urbanization. 
• Growth of commerce. 
• Introduction of portable currency. 
• Establishment of indigenous banks. 
• Setting of marketing boards. 
• Foundation of trade unions. 
• Industrialization. 

Social development :-
Education
Health
Religion.


Independence Era 1960 - date:-
Reasons for Nigerian Independence

• The Atlantic charter with USA which abolished any form of imperialism. 
• The pressure on the British government by the socialist party. 
• The activities of the nationalists in Africa. 
• The experiences in the World War II. 
• The pressure from international human rights organisations. 
• From 1960 - 
• Action group crisis of 1962
• The census controversy of 1962 & 1963
• Western corrupt election 1965
• First coup decant 14th - 15th January 1966 - by major Chukwuma Ngogwu
• The counter coup July 1966
• Civil war - 1967 - 1970
• The 3rd military coup of 29th July 1975
• 4th military coup of February 13th 1976 (abortive coup) 
• Transition to civil rule 1st October 1979
• 2nd republic 1979 - 1983
• 5th military coup of 31st December 1983
• Military regime 1983 - 1985
• 6th military coup of 27th August 1985
• Military regime 1985 - Aug 25th, 1993
• Truncated transition programme of June 12th, 1993
• Interim government 26th August 1993 - November 17th 1993
• Military intervention 17th November 1993 - 7th June 1998
• Change of Head of State 7th June 1998 - May 28th, 1999
• Return to civil rule 29th May 1999 - 29th May 2003
• Civil transition 19th May 2003 - date. 

Nigeria had her independence in 1st October 1960
Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe became the first indigenous governor general 1960 - 1963
He became the first president 1963 - 1966
Tafawa Balewa became the first Prime Minister 1960 - 1966
Nigeria was divided into three regions:- North, East and West.


Nigeria has had 13 heads of state.

• 1st military coup and head of State 15th January 1966
• 2nd military coup and head of State 29th July 1966
• 3rd military coup and head of State 29th July 1975
• 4th military coup and head of State 13th February 1976
• Civil rule 1st October 1979 - 1983
• 5th military coup and head of State 31st December 1983
• 6th military coup and head of State 27th August 1985
• Interim civilian rule 26th August 1993
• 7th military coup and head of State 17th November 1993
• Death of head of State and change in administration (military)  7th June 1998 - 28th May 1999
• 1st obasanjo civil term 29th May 1999 - 28th May 2003
• 2nd obasanjo civil term 29th May 2003 - date. 
• Oil was discovered in Nigeria in the year 1960.

Reasons for Democracy

• Nigerians are fed up with military autocracy.
• Military rule attracted little or no foreign inventors. 
• The military considered it proper to return to the Barracks. 
• The activities of the international human rights organisation.
• The activities of Nigerian prodemocratic and civil rights activists. 
• The pressure from UNO, OAU, common wealth and western powers. 

Advent of Christianity
Christianity came to Nigeria 27th July 1857 through the church missionary society. (The day spring expenditure)


Advent of Islam
Islam came to Nigeria through the successful jihad of uthman Dan fodio in 1804.
Nigeria before the advent of foreign Religions
The people are highly traditional.

Before Christianity

• There was slavery before Christianity not Islam. 
• There was killing of twins
• There was the worship of giant lizards, sun, moon, the land (Aja Ala) and other creatures. 
• There human sacrifices and other rituals of all kinds. 
• There were cleansing with human beings and burial of kings with human beings. 
• There was the wide spread of Islam and theocratic rule in the north. 
• There were inter tribal and inter ethic wars. 

Before Islam

• The north practiced the Hausa traditional religion. 
• They were scattered and un united. 
• The hausas engaged in territorial wars and slave. 

Development in Nigeria :-
Trade and commerce

• Nigeria since the oil boom is the one of the largest oil producing country and its oil begin sulphur free is one of the best in the world. Nigeria also trade in other minerals like tin, coal, potash, zin etc. 
• They equal trade in cash crops like oil, palm, maize, cassava, millet, guinea corn, groundnuts, cocoa etc. 

Culture :-
Nigeria from the advent of the white man experiences acculturation. This affects their dressing, their speech, their way of eating, the political attitude and their attitude to traditional beliefs.


Agriculture :-
Nigeria is a country known for its agricultural activities. Farming which was mainly done in the subsistence level is now done in commercial level with the abolishion of slave trade and advent if the colonial masters. Nigeria engages in all types of farming ranging from fishery, animal production and crop science.


Economically :-
Nigeria is one of the fastest African economy, from 150th world economy in 1998 to 94th world economy in 2006. Unemployment and poverty is begin reduced with greater percentage. In recent years the present government lunched, NEEDS meaning National Empowerment for Economic Development Strategy. This programme is aimed at :
Redefining the role of government in the economy.
Creating an enabling environment for private sector growth.
Improving social services delivery.
Creating new value system.


Note:-
Nigeria has about six rivers but two principal rivers is River Niger and River Benue.
Nigeria has no much natural disasters except erosion in recent years.
Nigeria is bordered on the south by the Atlantic Ocean.
Nigeria is situated on +1 of the GMT.
Nigeria has boarders in the North with Niger and Chad and in the east with Cameroon and in the west with Benin Republic.
Nigeria has no myth as an entity. The people living in the areas called Nigeria were distinct people before the coming of the white man.


Vegetation:-
Nigeria has three major types of vegetation.
Rain forest zone in t HD south.
Savanna grassland in the middle belt.
Sahel savanna in the north.


Climate :-
Nigeria has a tropical climate with two seasons :
Rainy season which starts in April and ends around August.
Dry season which starts some time in September and ends in March.
The present population of Nigeria is estimated to be around 104, 3000, 542m going by the figures of the 2006 National census.
Male population : 71 ,79, 859m
Female  population : 68, 293, 683m.